Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease: a single-center experience

Prospective studies concerning liver disease in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients are scarce. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence and clinical expression of cystic fibrosis - related liver disease, in a cohort of 62 pediatric patients. Descriptive study, resulting from the prospective evaluation, between 1994 and 2009, of 62 pediatric patients (age <18 years) with cystic fibrosis. The follow-up protocol included a clinical assessment every 2 months, liver function tests every 6 months and annual liver ultrasonography. The cumulative prevalence of liver disease was 11.2% (7/62 cases). All patients had ΔF508 mutation and pancreatic insufficiency, none had meconium ileus. The liver involvement became clinically evident at a mean age of 8 years (3–15 years), revealed by hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly (3 cases) and/ or abnormalities of liver function tests (3 cases) changes of liver ultrasound (7 cases) with evidence of portal hypertension (2 cases). Four patients were submitted to liver biopsy; biliary fibrosis was documented in one case, focal biliary cirrhosis in 2 cases and multilobular cirrhosis in another case. Within a median 11.6 years follow-up period (all patients under UDCA therapy after liver disease diagnosis), progression of liver disease was observed in 2 patients; one patient developed refractory variceal bleeding and progressive hepatic failure, requiring liver transplant. The results of the present study agree with those of previous pediatric studies, further documenting clinical expression of liver disease in CF patients, which is usually detected in the first decade of life and emphasize the contribution of ultrasound to early diagnosis of liver involvement. Moreover, although advanced liver disease is a relatively rare event, early isolated liver transplantation may have to be considered at this age group

Risco-espetáculo: novas modalidades do risco na era digital / Risk-spectacle: new modalities of risk in digital era

Este artigo tem como finalidade discutir o engendramento do risco-espetáculo enquanto uma nova modalidade de risco e também como vetor de subjetivação na contemporaneidade. Neste sentido, o risco-espetáculo se configura como uma leitura possível acerca de um fenômeno da era digital que tem alcançado enorme popularidade entre o público infanto-juvenil: os desafios do youtube. Muitos desafios se popularizaram ao serem publicados por famosos youtubers, as celebridades da Internet. Como consequência, jovens e crianças passam a reproduzir tais práticas em suas casas. Apesar do caráter lúdico e aparentemente seguro, alguns desafios do youtube implicam em risco à saúde e à vida, sendo enquadrados no rol das brincadeiras perigosas. Estas práticas de risco se desenrolam, na maior parte das vezes, alheias à tutela e à supervisão da família. Isto nos leva a interrogar que modos de governamentalidade operam no ambiente virtual, de forma a gerir condutas que incidem no mundo concreto e que modos de subjetivação estão sendo produzidos a partir destas práticas.  Palavras-chave: Risco-espetáculo; desafios do Youtube; brincadeiras Perigosas; governamentalidade

APTIDÃO URBANA AOS INSTRUMENTOS DO ESTATUTO DA CIDADE: PERSPECTIVAS METODOLÓGICAS

A Lei Federal 10.257/01, conhecida como Estatuto da Cidade, cuja função principal é regulamentar os artigos 182 e 183 da Constituição Federal de 1988, instituiu a obrigatoriedade da elaboração de planos diretores para municípios com mais de 20.000 habitantes e municípios com situações específicas como os que integram as regiões metropolitanas ou aqueles de interesse turístico. Simultaneamente, o Estatuto da Cidade legitimou instrumentos criados a partir da década de 1950 em várias cidades brasileiras, quando a questão urbana passou a ser vista como um problema social a ser equacionado no âmbito municipal, direcionado e gerenciado pelos planos diretores, monitorado por novos instrumentos complementares aos pré-existentes. No entanto, a implementação desses instrumentos integrados às leis dos planos diretores municipais, passa pelo gargalo da seleção da maior aptidão de cada setor urbano, ou outra unidade territorial da cidade, para a implantação de cada instrumento ou de um conjunto de instrumentos. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo visa colaborar, discutindo o estabelecimento de indicadores que, relacionados a cada instrumento, possam identificar tais aptidões, através de análises simplificadas das características das cidades. É importante destacar que essa metodologia está voltada principalmente a cidades de porte médio, que se posicionam aquém das metrópoles, quanto a demandas de estudos mais apurados, face às características das variáveis que se sobrepõem em sua estrutura urbana. Outro aspecto importante que vale salientar é que a aplicação dos instrumentos baseados nos indicadores não garante por si só os resultados pretendidos, dependendo de outras variáveis de cunho político e da visão dos atores sociais. São alternativas a serem submetidas ao processo decisório

Intestinal parasites in children up to 14 years old hospitalized with diarrhea in Mozambique, 2014–2019

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Diarrhea remains a public health problem in Mozambique, even with control strategies being implemented. This analysis aimed to determine the proportion and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection (IPI) in children up to 14 years old with diarrheal disease, in the southern, central and northern regions of Mozambique. A single diarrheal sample of 1424 children was collected in hospitals and examined using the formol-ether concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen techniques to identify intestinal parasites using optical microscopy. Sociodemographic characteristics were obtained by questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were performed, and p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. A single IPI was detected in 19.2% (273/1424) of the children. Cryptosporidium spp. was the most common parasite (8.1%; 115/1424). Polyparasitism was seen in 26.0% (71/273), with the co-infection of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura (26.8%; 19/71) being the most common. Age and province were related to IPI (p-value < 0.05). The highest occurrence of IPI was observed in the wet period (October to March), with 21.9% (140/640), compared to the dry period (April to September), with 16.9% (131/776) (p-value = 0.017). Cryptosporidium spp. and the combination of A. lumbricoides/T. trichiura were the main intestinal parasites observed in children hospitalized with diarrhea in Mozambique.This work was supported by funds from the European Foundation Initiative for African Research into Neglected Tropical Diseases (EFINTD, grant number 98539), the World Health Organization, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant number JO369/5-1) and The Global Vaccine Alliance Initiative through Health System Strengthening. O.N., PhD, is supported by Camões—Instituto da Cooperação e da Língua.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

knowledge, hygienic behavior of vendors, public health in maputo markets, Mozambique

In developing countries, markets are the main supply of horticultural products to populations, but this can pose a public health challenge due to the risk of the fecal-oral transmission of gut pathogens. This transmission is strongly associated with inadequate public sanitation or low standards of personal and domestic hygiene, and their prevalence can cause gastrointestinal diseases, which are the third leading cause of death in Mozambique. This study aims at assessing the risk for public health of horticultural products supply chain, from the farmers-vendors to the consumers, in municipal markets in Maputo-City, Mozambique. Surveys (75) were conducted on vendors and an observational analysis was performed in the markets under study. The results showed that 62% of the vendors had access to water from boreholes or artisanal sources and the issue “access to water” was significantly different between markets (p = 0.004). Of the vendors who wash their products (53.3%), only 7.5% use tap-water for this purpose, with the difference in attitudes being statistically significant between vendors in the markets (p = 0.035). The majority (60.4%) said that vegetables and fruits can cause diseases due to pesticides and only 31.3% believe that the diseases may be related to poor hygiene. Despite the vendors’ low knowledge of Good Hygiene Practices (GHP), we noticed that women have better practical assimilation of GHP when compared to men (p = 0.008). Although Maputo’s markets are struggling to achieve quality hygiene standards in a reliable and sustainable manner, their resources are limited and significantly different (p = 0.044) from market to market, and this problem remains a concern for the public-health authorities of the city. In conclusion, the provision of adequate drinking water and sewage disposal systems, together with education for health of vendors, can reduce the risk of contamination of fresh food by the more common organisms causing diarrhea in children, including intestinal parasites.publishersversionpublishe

Protecção integrada das culturas agrícolas e florestais no sul de Portugal

A b s t r a c t : A r e v i e w i s g i v e n o f t h e a c t i v i t i e s a i n n e d a t t h e i n t e g r a t e d p r o t e c t i o n o f a g r i c u l t u r a l c r o p s a n d f o r e s t t r e e s i n A l e n t e j o ( S o u t h e r n P o r t u g a l ) . T o m a t o c r o p s a r e i n f e s t e d b y m a n y s p e c i e s o f i n s e c t s a n d m i t e s , Heliothis armigera b e i n g t h e m a j o r p e s t . Trichogramma e g g - p a r a s i t e s a n d g r e e n l a c e w i n g s , Chrysoperla cárnea, a r e m a s s - p r o d u c e d a n d r e l e a s e d f o r t h e c o n t r o l o f Heliothis. T w o s t e m b o r e r s , Sesamia nonagrioides a n d Ostrinia nubilalis, h e a v i l y i n f e s t t h e m a i z e c r o p . S t u d i e s o n t h e i r p o p u l a t i o n d y n a m i c s a n d c o n t r o l b y a n t a g o n i s t s w e r e c a r r i e d o u t . A c e r a m b y c i d b e e t i e , Phoracantha semipunctata, i n t r o d u c e d r e c e n t l y i n t o E u r o p e , i s a n i m p o r t a n t p e s t i n Eucalyptus p l a n t a t i o n s . R e s e r a c h a c t i v i t i e s a r e c o n c e n t r a t e d o n i d e n t i f y i n g t h e c h e m i c a l s u b s t a n c e s e m i t t e d b y t h e t r e e s w h i c h a t t r a c t t h e b e e t i e s . I n o r d e r t o r e e s t a b l i s h n a t u r a l e q u i l i b r i u m i n c i t r u s o r c h a r d s , t h e m a s s - p r o d u c t i o n a n d s u b s e q u e n t r e l e a s e o f p r e d a t o r s ( l a d y b i r d - b e e t i e s a n d l a c e w i n g s ) i s p l a n n e d

Insulin Signaling Disruption and INF-γ Upregulation Induce Aβ1–42 and Hyperphosphorylated-Tau Proteins Synthesis and Cell Death after Paraquat Treatment of Primary Hippocampal Cells

Acute and long-term paraquat (PQ) exposure produces hippocampal neurodegeneration and cognition decline. Although some mechanisms involved in these effects were found, the rest are unknown. PQ treatment, for 1 and 14 days, upregulated interferon-gamma signaling, which reduced insulin levels and downregulated the insulin pathway through phosphorylated-c-Jun N-terminal-kinase upregulation, increasing glucose levels and the production of Aβ1–42 and phosphorylated-tau, by beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) overexpression and phosphorylated-GSK3β (p-GSK3β; ser9) level reduction, respectively, which induced primary hippocampal neuronal loss. This novel information on the PQ mechanisms leading to hippocampal neurodegeneration could help reveal the PQ actions that lead to cognition dysfunction

Aprendizaje flexible y personalizado para atender la diversidad en el aula, mediante la gamificación, a través del uso integrado de un sistema virtual de respuesta en el aula para dispositivos móviles con acceso a internet y una aplicación de screencasting

Sección Deptal. de Farmacología y Toxicología (Veterinaria)Fac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

A Importância da Acolhida na Atenção Básica como Ferramenta de Humanização

Primary care plays a central and decisive role in the healthcare system, being the first point of contact between users and healthcare services. Within this scenario, the practice of welcoming emerges as an essential element for the humanization of care, going beyond a formality of reception and becoming a fundamental link in the interaction between health professionals and patients. This study aims to describe the importance of primary care as a primary tool for humanization, aligned with the principles established in the National Humanization Policy (PNH). For this purpose, an investigation was carried out in a virtual environment, using digital resources available on platforms such as Google Scholar, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and sources from government agencies. Relevant documents, such as articles, theses, monographs and health policies, were examined in order to understand and support the theme proposed in this study. In the context of implementing humanization, primary care plays a crucial role, acting as the gateway to the health system and as coordinator of the care network. However, some challenges become evident in implementing these humanized practices.A atenção básica assume um papel central e decisivo no sistema de saúde, sendo o primeiro ponto de contato entre os usuários e os serviços de assistência médica. Dentro desse cenário, a prática da acolhida emerge como um elemento essencial para a humanização do cuidado, indo além de uma formalidade de recepção e tornando-se um elo fundamental na interação entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a importância da atenção básica como uma ferramenta primordial para a humanização, alinhada aos princípios estabelecidos na Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH). Para este propósito, uma investigação foi realizada em um ambiente virtual, utilizando recursos digitais disponíveis em plataformas como Google Acadêmico, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e fontes de órgãos governamentais. Documentos relevantes, como artigos, teses, monografias e políticas de saúde, foram examinados a fim de compreender e embasar a temática proposta neste estudo. No contexto da implementação da humanização, a atenção primária desempenha um papel crucial, atuando como a porta de entrada no sistema de saúde e como coordenadora da rede de assistência. Contudo, tornam-se evidentes alguns desafios na efetivação dessas práticas humanizadas

Motivos de exclusão para a cirurgia de estimulação cerebral profunda na doença de Parkinson

Abstract de comunicação apresentada no Congresso SPDMov 2022 - Parkinsonismos Atípicos: Clássicos e Atípicos. Luso, 1-2 Abril 2022N/